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150/s single chip yaw rate gyro with signal conditioning adxrs150 features complete rate gyroscope on a single chip z-axis (yaw rat e ) response high vibration rejection over wide freq uenc y 0.05/s/h z noise 2000 g powere d shock operation self-test on dig i tal command temperature s e nsor output precision volta g e reference o u tput absolute rate output for preci sion applications 5 v singl e-supp ly operation ultrasmal l and light (< 0. 15 cc, < 0.5 gram) applic ati o ns gps navigatio n systems vehicle stabilit y control inertial meas ur ement units guidance and c o ntrol platform stabil ization general description the a d x r s150 is a co m p lete an gu la r ra t e s e n s o r (g y r os co p e ) t h a t us es analo g d e vice s s u r f ace-micr o m achinin g p r o c ess t o mak e a f u n c tional l y co m p let e a nd lo w cos t a n gu la r ra t e s e n s or i n t e gra t ed wi th all o f th e r e q u i r ed e l ectr o n i c s o n o n e c h i p . the man u fac t u r in g t e chni q u e fo r t h is de vice is t h e s a me hig h vol u me bi mos p r o c ess u s e d fo r hig h r e l i ab i l ity a u tomo t i ve ai r b ag a c c e l e rome te rs . t h e output s i g n a l , r a t e ou t ( 1 b , 2 a ) , i s a vo lt age prop or t i on a l to t h e a n g u l a r r a te a b out t h e a x i s nor m a l to t h e top su r f a c e of t h e p a cka g e (s e e f i gur e 2). a sin g le ext e r n al r e sis t o r ca n b e us e d to l o we r t h e s c a l e f a c t or . a n e x te r n a l c a p a c i tor i s u s e d to s e t t h e b a ndwi d t h . o t her ext e r n al ca p a ci t o rs a r e r e q u ire d fo r o p era t ion (s ee f i gur e 21). a p r e c isio n r e fer e n c e and a t e m p era t ur e o u t p u t a r e als o p r o - vide d fo r co m p en s a t i on te chni q u es. t w o dig i t a l s e lf-test i n p u ts el e c t r ome c h a n i c a l l y e x c i te t h e s e ns or to te st t h e op e r a t i o n of b o t h s e n s o r s and t h e sig n a l condi t i o n in g cir c ui ts. the ad xrs150 is a v a i lab l e in a 7 mm 7 mm 3 mm b g a surface-mount package. func tio n a l block di agram 5g 4g 3a 5v 2g 1f 7f 6a 7d 7c 7b 1c 4a 5a 7e 6g 1d 2a 1e 3g 1b pdd 12v + adxrs150 47nf 22nf 100nf 22nf cp2 cp1 pgnd cp4 cp3 cp5 charge pump/reg. temp ptat rateout 2.5v demod rate sensor self test 100nf 100nf cmid agnd avcc st1 st2 coriolis signal channel r sen 1 r sen 2 c out sumj r out 2.5v ref 9k ? 35% 9k ? 35% 180k ? 1% resonator loop ? fi g u r e 1 . rev. a in fo rmation fur n ished by an al o g d e v i c e s is believed t o be accurate an d r e liable. how e ver, no r e spon sibili ty is assumed by anal og de vices fo r its use, nor for a n y i n fri n geme nt s of p a t e nt s or ot h e r ri g h t s o f th ird parties that m a y res u lt fro m its use . s p ecificatio n s subj ec t to chan ge witho u t n o tice. no licen s e is g r an te d b y implicatio n or ot h e rwi s e u n de r any p a t e nt or p a t e nt ri ght s of a n al og de vi c e s. tra d emark s a n d registered tra d ema r ks are the proper ty of th eir respectiv e co mpan ies. one technolog y way, p.o . box 9106, norwood, ma 02062-9106, u.s.a. t e l: 781. 329. 4 700 www.analog.com fax: 781. 326. 87 03 ? 2003 analog de vices, i n c. al l r i ght s r e ser v ed .
adxrs150 table of conte n ts ad xrs150?s p ecif ic a t io n s ............................................................ 3 a b s o l u t e m a xim u m r a t i n g s ............................................................ 4 r a t e s e n s i t i v e axis ........................................................................ 4 t y p i cal p e r f o r ma n c e c h a r ac t e r i s t ics ............................................. 5 the o r y o f o p era t io n ........................................................................ 8 s u p pl y a nd c o mm on c o n s ide r a t io n s ....................................... 8 s e t t in g b a ndwid t h ........................................................................ 8 i n cr e a sin g m e as ur em e n t r a n g e ................................................. 9 t e m p er a t ur e o u t p u t an d c a l i b r a t io n . ........................................9 u s in g t h e ad xrs150 wi th a s u p p l y -r a t iom e tr ic ad c ..........9 n u l l a d j u s t m e n t ............................................................................9 s e lf-t est f u n c t i o n .........................................................................9 c o n t in uo us s e lf-t e s t . ....................................................................9 a cce lera t i on s e n s i t ivi t y . ............................................................ 10 p i n c o nf igura t io n s a n d f u n c t i o n al d e s c r i p t ion s ..................... 11 o u t l in e dim e n s io n s ....................................................................... 12 revision history rev i s i o n a 1/03?da ta sh e e t cha n g e d f r o m re v . 0 t o re v . a e d i t t o f i gur e 5 .................................................................................. 5 r e v. a | pa ge 2 o f 1 2
adxrs150 adxrs150?specifications table 1. @t a = 25c, v s = 5 v, band wi dth = 80 hz ( c out = 0.01 f), an gular rate = 0/s, unless otherwise note d. adxrs150 ab g p a r a m e t e r c o n d i t i o n s min 1 t y p max 1 unit sensiti v i t y c l o c k w i s e rotat i on is positive output dynamic range 2 full-scale range over specif ications range 150 /s i n i t i a l @ 2 5 c 1 1 . 2 5 1 2 . 5 1 3 . 7 5 m v / / s over temperature 3 v cc = 4.75 v to 5 . 25 v 11.25 13.75 mv//s nonlinearity best fit straight line 0.1 % of fs voltage sensitiv ity v cc = 4.75 v to 5 . 25 v 0.7 %/v n u l l initial null 2.50 v null drift over temperature 3 delta from 25c 300 mv turn-on time power on to ? /s of final 35 ms linear acceleration effect any axis 0.2 /s/ g voltage sensitiv ity v cc = 4.75 v to 5 . 25 v 1 /s/v noise perfor m ance rate noise density @25c 0.05 /s/hz frequency response 3 db bandw idth 4 (user selectable) 22 nf as comp cap (see applic ations se ction) 40 hz sensor resonant frequency 14 khz self tes t st 1 rat e out respon se 5 st1 pin from lo gic ?0? to ?1,? ?40c to +85c ?400 ?660 ?1000 mv st 2 rat e out respon se 5 st2 pin from lo gic ?0? to ?1,? ?40c to +85c +400 +660 +1000 mv logic ?1? input voltage standard high logic level defin i tion 3.3 v logic ?0? input voltage standard lo w logic level defin i tion 1.7 v input impedance t o common 50 k tempe r atu r e sensor v ou t a t 298k 2.50 v max current load on pin source to common 50 a scale factor proportion al to absolute t e mp erature 8.4 mv/k output dri v e capability output voltage swing i ou t = 100 a 0.25 v s ? 0.25 v capacitive load drive 1000 pf 2.5 v refe renc e voltage value 2.45 2.5 2.55 v load drive to ground source 200 a load regulation 0 < i ou t < 200 a 5.0 mv/ma power supply rejection 4.75 v s to 5.25 v s 1 . 0 m v / v temperature drift 3 delta from 25c 5.0 mv power supply operating voltage range 4.75 5.00 5.25 v quiescent supply current 6.0 8.0 ma tempe r atu r e range specified performance grade a ?40 +85 c 1 al l min and max s p ecif ications are guaranteed . ty pical sp ecificat ion s are n o t t e st ed or guaran t eed. 2 dynamic range is the maximum f u ll -s c a l e me a s urement range poss ibl e , includ ing output s w in g range, initial off s et, s e ns itivity, off s et d r if t, and s e n s itivity d r if t at 5 v supplies. 3 specif ication refers to the maximum extent of this param e ter as a wors t-cas e val u e at t min or t ma x . 4 freq u en cy a t wh i c h respon se i s 3 db down from dc r e sp on se wi t h sp eci f i e d com p en sa t i on ca pa ci t o r va lue. in t e rn a l po le form i n g r e si stor is 180 k : . se e s e tting band - wid th s e ctio n. 5 se lf- t e st re spon se va ri es wi t h t e m p er a t ure. r e f e r t o t h e s e lf- te st fun ct i o n s e ct i o n for det a i l s . r e v. a | pa ge 3 o f 1 2
adxrs150 r e v. a | pa ge 4 o f 1 2 absolute maximum ratings table 2. adx r s150 absolu te maximum ratings p a r a m e t e r r a t i n g acceleration (any axis , unpowered, 0.5 ms) 2000 g acceleration (any axis, powere d, 0.5 ms) 2000 g +v s ?0.3 v to +6.0 v output short-ci rcuit duration (any pin to com m on) indefininte operating tem p erature range ?55c to +125c storage temperature ?65c to +150c s t r e s s es a b o v e t h os e lis t e d u n de r a b s o l u t e m a xi m u m r a t i n g s ma y c a us e p e r m a n en t dama ge t o t h e de vice . this is a s t r e s s ra t - i n g on ly a n d f u nc t i on a l o p e r a t i o n of t h e d e v i c e a t t h e s e or a n y o t h e r con d i t ion s a b o v e t h o s e i ndic a te d i n t h e op er a t io na l s e c - t i o n o f t h is sp e c if ica t ion is n o t i m plie d . e x p o sur e t o a b s o l u t e max i m u m ra t i ng co ndi t i on s fo r ex ten d e d p e r i o d s ma y a f fe c t de vice r e l i ab i l i t y . a p p l ica t ion s r e q u ir in g m o r e tha n 200 c y c l es t o mil - s t d-883 m e th o d 1010 c o n d i t ion b (?55 c t o +125c) r e q u ir e u n der f il l or ot he r me ans to a c h i e v e t h i s re qu i r e m e n t . d r op s on to h a rd su r f a c e s c a n c a u s e s h o c k s of g r e a te r t h an 2000 g a nd exceed t h e a b s o l u t e maxim u m ra ting o f th e device . c a r e sh o u ld b e exer cis e d in hand lin g to a v o i d d a ma ge. rate sensitive axis this is a z-axis ra t e - s en sing de vice t h a t is a l s o ca l l e d a y a w-r a te s e n s in g de vice . i t p r o d uces a p o si ti v e g o in g o u t p u t v o l t a g e f o r clo c kwis e r o t a t i o n a b ou t t h e axi s n o r m al t o t h e p a cka g e t o p , i . e . , clo c kwis e w h en lo okin g do w n a t t h e p a cka g e li d . 2. 5v rate axis ra te ou t ra te in gnd 4. 7 5 v 0. 2 5 v la t e r a l a x i s abcdef g 7 a1 1 longitudinal axis v cc = 5v f i gure 2. r a teout signal in cr ea ses with cl ock w i s e ro ta t i o n
adxrs150 typical perf orm ance cha r acte ristics ?0.05 0.05 0.15 0.25 time ? sec rateo ut ? v 4.5 3.0 0.0 0.5 1.5 1.0 2.5 2.0 4.0 3.5 0.00 0.10 0.20 f i gure 3 . ra t e s e nsing star t-up t i m e 0 1200 2400 3600 time ? sec rat eout ? v 2.570 2.540 2.545 2.555 2.550 2.565 2.560 600 1800 3000 f i g u re 4. nu ll st ab il it y f o r 1 h o ur ?55 ? 5 4 5 9 5 temperature ? c v te mp ? v 3.4 1.8 2.4 2.8 2.6 3.2 3.0 ?30 20 70 2.0 2.2 f i gure 5. t e mper at ur e s e ns or o u tput 0 6 0 120 180 time ? sec rateo ut ? v 2.570 2.540 2.545 2.555 2.550 2.565 2.560 30 90 150 no prior warmup, 0.6hz sampling f i gure 6 . nu l l s e ttl ing t i m e 1 100 time ? sec / s 0.07 0 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.03 10 0.06 0.05 f i g u re 7. r o ot a l la n v a r i anc e v s . a v er ag ing ti me temperature ? c v2. 5 ? v 2.5040 2.5010 2.5020 2.5015 2.5025 2.5035 2.5030 ?40 ?30 ? 20 ?10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 f i gure 8. 2.5 v v o ltage r e fe r e nc e v s . t e mper atur e r e v. a | pa ge 5 o f 1 2
adxrs150 adxrs150 @ bw = 40 hz, typica l vibration characteristics, 10 g g g g g g g g g g g g 0 g f i g u re 12. 1 0 g r a n d om vibr at i o n in p a ckag e - l a te r a l a x i s o r ient at i o n time ? sec rate o ut ? v 2.450 2.470 2.460 2.480 2.500 2.490 0 5 10 package longitudinal axis (0.5s average) 0 g 10 g f i g u re 13. 1 0 g r a n d om vibr at i o n in p a ckag e - l o ng it udin al a x is o r ie nt at i o n time ? sec rate o ut ? v 2.450 2.470 2.460 2.480 2.500 2.490 0 5 10 rate axis (0.5s average) 0 g 10 g f i g u re 14. 1 0 g r a n d om vibr at i o n in r a te a x is o r i e nt at i o n r e v. a | pa ge 6 o f 1 2
adxrs150 r e v. a | pa ge 7 o f 1 2 behavior under various shock test conditions f i g u re 15. sho c k t e s t 10 0 g , 5 ms in la ter a l a x is ( 4 0 h z ) f i gure 16. h i - g sh o c k t e st i n la ter a l a x is (40 h z ) f i g u re 17. h i - g sh o c k in rat e a x is (4 0 h z ) f i g u re 18. sho c k t e s t 10 0 g , 5 ms in l o ng it udin al a x is (4 0 h z ) f i gur e 1 9 . hi - g shoc k t e st, la t e r a l a x i s , 10 t i m e ba s e (40 hz ) f i gure 20. h i - g sh o c k , rate a x is, bw r e duc e d to 8 h z
adxrs150 theory of operation the a d x r s150 o p era t es on t h e p r in ci ple o f a res o na t o r g y r o . t w o p o ly s i l i c o n s e ns ing st r u c t u r e s e a ch c o n t ai n a di t h e r f r ame, wh i c h i s e l ectr os ta ticall y d r i v e n t o r e so n a n c e . th i s p r od uce s t h e n e ce s s a r y v e l o c i t y e l e m en t t o p r o d uce a c o r i olis fo r c e d u r i n g a n gu la r ra te . a t tw o o f t h e o u t e r ext r em es o f e a ch f r a m e , o r t h og o n al t o t h e di t h er m o t i on, a r e m o va b l e f i n g ers t h a t a r e place d b e tw e e n f i xe d p i ck o f f f i ngers to fo r m a ca p a ci t i ve p i ck o f f s t r u c t ur e t h a t s e n s es c o r i olis mo t i o n . th e r e s u l t in g sig n al is fe d t o a s e r i es o f ga in an d de m o d u l a t i o n s t a g es t h a t p r o d uce t h e e l e c tr ical ra te sig n al o u t p u t . the d u a l -s e n s o r desig n r e je c t s ext e r n al g-fo r c es a nd vib r a t ion. f a b r ica t i n g t h e s e n s o r w i t h t h e sig n al co ndi tionin g e l e c tr o n ics p r es er v e s sig n al in teg r i t y in noi s y e n v i ron m e n t s . the e l ec tr os t a tic r e s o na t o r r e q u ir es 14 v t o 16 v f o r o p era t io n. sin c e o n ly 5 v i s ty p i ca l l y a v a i l a b l e in m o st a pplica t ion s , a c h a r g e p u m p is in c l uded on-c hi p . i f a n ext e r n al 14 v t o 16 v s u p p l y is a v ailab l e , th e tw o c a p a ci t o rs o n cp1?cp4 can b e o m i t - te d and t h is supply ca n b e co n n e c te d to cp5 (pin 7d) wi t h a 100 nf deco u p lin g ca p a c i t o r in p l ace o f the 47 nf . af t e r t h e de m o d u l a t i o n s t a g e t h er e is a si n g le- p ole lo w-p a s s f i l t er co n s is tin g o f a n in t e r n al 9 k r e sis t o r (r sen1 ) a nd a n e x t e rn al u s e r - s u p p l i e d ca pa ci t o r ( c m i d ) . a c m i d c a pa ci t o r o f 100 nf s e ts a 40 0 h z 35 % lo w-p a s s p o le an d is us ed t o limi t h i g h fr e q u e n c y a r t i f a c t s b e f o r e fi n a l a m p l i f i c a t i o n . b a n d w i d t h limi t ca p a c i t o r , c ou t , s e ts th e p a s s ban d wid t h (s ee f i gur e 22 and t h e s e t t in g b a nd w i d t h s e c t ion) . agnd temp st2 st 1 cp1 cp2 rateout cp4 pdd cmid sumj 2.5v 6a 5a 4a 3a 2a 1b 1c 1d 1e 1f 7b 7c 7d 7e 7f 6g 5g 4g 3g 2g cp5 cp3 100nf c out = 22nf 22nf avcc 100nf 100nf pgnd 22nf 47nf 5v note that inner rows/columns of pins have been omitted for clarity but should be connected in the application. f i gure 21. e x a m pl e a p plic ati o n c i rcu i t ( t op vie w ) sup p ly an d commo n considerations o n ly p o we r su ppl ie s u s e d for su p p ly ing ana l o g c i rc u i ts are re c - o mmende d f o r p o w e r i n g th e ad xrs150. h i g h f r eq uen c y n o is e a n d tra n si en t s as socia t ed wi th di gi tal ci r c ui t s u p p l i e s m a y h a v e ad v e rs e ef fe c t s o n de vi ce o p er a t io n. f i gur e 21 s h o w s th e r e co mm en d e d co nn ecti o n s f o r th e ad xrs150 w h er e bo th a v cc and p d d ha v e a s e p a ra t e de co u p lin g ca p a ci t o r . th es e sho u ld b e place d as clos e t o t h eir re sp e c t i ve p i ns a s p o ss i b l e b e f o re rout i n g to t h e s y ste m an a l o g su p p ly . this wi l l minim i ze t h e no is e in j e c t e d b y t h e cha r ge p u m p th a t use s th e p d d s u p p l y . i t is als o r e co mm en ded t o p l ac e th e c h a r g e p u m p c a p a ci t o rs co nnec t e d t o t h e cp1cp4 p i ns as c l os e t o th e p a r t as p o s s i b le . th e s e c a p a ci t o rs a r e us e d t o p r o d uce t h e on-chi p hig h v o l t a g e s u p p l y s w i t c h e d at t h e d i t h e r f r e q u e n c y a t ap p r ox i m at e l y 14 kh z. c a r e sho u ld be t a k e n t o en s u r e tha t t h er e is n o m o r e tha n 50 pf o f s t ra y ca p a c i tan c e betw een cp1cp4 a nd g r o u nd . s u r f ace-m o u n t chi p c a p a ci t o rs a r e sui t ab le as l o n g as t h e y a r e ra t e d f o r o v er 1 5 v . 5v + - self test avcc st1 st2 3a 5g 4g adxrs150 cp2 cp1 pdd 4a 5a 7e 6g charge pump/reg. 12v ptat 7f 6a 7b 7c 7d 47nf cp4 cp3 cp5 rate sensor 2g 1f 1d coriolis signal channel agnd cmid 1c sumj rate- out 2.5v 1b 2a 1e 3g temp r out 180k : 1% resonator loop demod s 2.5v ref | 9k :r 35% 100nf 22nf pgnd 100nf 100nf c out r sen1 r sen 2 22nf f i g u re 22. bl ock d i ag r a m wit h e x t e rn al co mpo n ent s setting bandwidth e x t e r n al ca p a ci to rs cmid an d c ou t a r e us e d in co m b in a t ion wi t h on -ch i p re s i stors to c r e a te two l o w-p a ss f i lte r s to l i mit t h e b a ndwi d t h o f t h e ad xrs150 s r a te r e sp o n s e . t h e 3 db fr e q u e n c y s e t b y r ou t and c ou t is: out out out c r / f u u u 2 1 a nd can b e wel l co n t r o l l e d si n c e r ou t has b e en t r imm e d d u r i n g ma n u fac t ur in g t o be 180 k 1. an y ext e r n al r e sis t o r a p p l ied betw een t h e r a t e o u t (1b , 2a) a nd s u m (1 c, 2c) p i n s will re su lt i n : ext ext out r k / r k r u 180 180 the 3 db f r e q uen c y is s e t b y rs en (t h e p a ra l l e l co m b in a t ion r e v. a pa ge 8 o f 1 2
adxrs150 r e v. a | pa ge 9 o f 1 2 of r sen1 and r se n2 ) a t abo u t 4.5 k n o minal , and cmid is les s w e ll c o n t r o ll ed s i n c e r sen1 a nd r sen2 h a v e been used t o tri m t h e r a t e s e n s it i v it y du r i n g m a n u f a c t u r i n g a n d h a v e a 3 5 % t o l e r - anc e . i t s pr i m ar y pu r p o s e i s to li m i t t h e h i g h f r e q u e nc y d e m o d u la ti o n a r ti fa ct s f r o m sa t u ra ti n g t h e f i n a l a m p l i f i e r s t a g e . th us, this p o le o f n o minal l y 40 0 h z @ 0.1 f need n o t be p r ecis e . l o w e r f r eq uen c y is p r ef era b le , b u t i t s var i a b il i t y us ual l y re qu i r e s i t to b e ab out 1 0 t i me s g r e a te r ( i n orde r to pre s e r ve p h a s e in t e gri t y) th a n th e w e ll- co n t r o ll ed o u t p u t po l e . i n g e n e ral , bo th ?3 db f i l t e r f r e q uen c ies sho u ld be s e t as lo w as p o s s ib le t o r e d u ce t h e am pl i t ude o f t h es e hi g h f r e q uen c y a r t i fac t s as we l l as t o r e d u ce t h e o v eral l sys t em n o i s e . increasing meas uremen t ran g e the f u l l -s c a le m e as ur em en t ra n g e o f th e ad xrs150 can b e i n cr eased b y p l aci n g a n e x t e rn al r e s i s t o r be t w een th e ra t e o u t (1b , 2a) a nd s u mj (1c, 2c) p i n s , w h ic h w o uld pa r a ll e l th e in t e rn al r ou t re s i stor t h a t i s f a c t or y - t r i m me d to 180 k. f o r exa m p l e , a 330 k ext e r n al r e sis t o r wil l g i v e a p p r o x im a t ely 8.1 mv/ /s e c s e nsi t ivi t y a nd a commen s ur a t e ~50% in cr eas e in the f u l l -s cal e ra n g e . this is ef f e c t i v e f o r u p t o a 4 in cr e a s e in t h e f u l l -s cale ra ng e (mini m um v a l u e o f t h e p a ral - le l r e sis t o r al lo w e d is 45 k). b e yo n d this am o u n t o f ext e r n al s e ns it i v it y re d u c t i o n , t h e i n te r n a l c i rc u i t r y he a d ro om re qu i r e - m e n t s p r e v en t f u r t h e r in cr e a s e in t h e li n e a r f u l l - s c ale o u t p ut ra n g e . th e dr a w b a cks o f m o dif y in g t h e f u l l -s c a le ra n g e a r e t h e a d d i t i on a l output n u l l d r i f t ( a s m u ch a s 2 / s e c ove r te m p e r a- t u r e ) an d t h e r e ad j u st m e n t o f t h e i n i t ia l n u l l b i as (s e e t h e n u l l ad j u s t s e c t i o n ) . temp erature outp ut and calibration i t i s c o m m on pr a c t i c e to te m p e r a t u r e - c a l i b r a t e g y ro s to im p r o v e t h e i r o v eral l acc u rac y . the a d x r s150 has a t e m p er a - t u r e -p r o p o r t io nal v o l t a g e o u t p u t tha t p r o v ides in p u t t o s u c h a calib r a t ion m e t h o d . th e v o l t a g e a t temp (3f , 3g) is n o minal l y 2.5 v a t 27c and has a p t a t (p r o p o r t io nal t o a b s o l u t e t e m - p e ra t u r e ) c h a r ac t e r i s t ic o f 8.4 mv/c. n o t e tha t t h e temp o u t p u t cir c ui tr y is limi ted t o 50 a s o ur ce c u r r en t. u s in g a 3- p o in t ca lib r a t ion te ch niq u e , i t is p o ssib le t o ca l i b r a t e t h e ad xrs150 ? s n u l l an d s e n s i t i v i t y dr if t t o an o v era l l acc u rac y o f n e a r l y 300/ho u r . an o v eral l acc u rac y o f 70/h o u r o r bet t er i s pos s i b le usi n g m o r e po i n ts. li m i tin g th e ba n d w id th o f t h e de vice r e d u ces t h e f l a t - b an d n o i s e d u r i n g t h e ca li b r a t io n p r oce s s , i m p r o v i n g th e m e a s ur em en t a c cura c y a t ea ch ca lib r a t ion p o in t. using the adxrs150 with a supply- ratiometr i c adc the a d x r s150 ? s r a te out si g n a l is n o nr a t iom e t r ic, i . e., n e i - th e r th e n u ll v o l t a g e n o r th e ra t e se n s i t i v i t y i s p r o p o r ti o n al t o t h e su p p ly . i n ste a d t h e y a r e n o m i na l l y co n s t a n t fo r dc su p p ly c h a n g e s wi thin th e 4.75 v t o 5.25 v o p era t in g ra n g e . i f th e ad xrs150 is us ed wi t h a s u p p ly-ra t iom e tr ic ad c, th e ad xrs150? s 2. 5 v o u t p u t can be con v er t e d and us ed t o ma k e co rr ecti o n s i n s o ft w a r e f o r th e s u p p l y v a ri a t i o n s . null adj u s t ment n u l l adj u st me n t is p o ss ibl e b y i n j e c t i n g a su i t abl e c u r r e n t to s u mj (1c, 2c). a ddin g a s u i t able r e sis t o r t o ei th er g r o u nd o r th e p o si t i v e su p p l y is a sim p le wa y o f ac hie v ing this. the n o mi- nal 2.5 v n u l l is f o r a symm etr i c a l swin g ra n g e a t ra teo u t (1b , 2a). h o w e v e r , a n o n s ymmetr ic o u t p u t swin g ma y be s u i t - a b le in s o m e a pplica t ion s . n o te t h a t if a r e sist o r is co nne c t e d t o t h e p o s i t i ve s u pply , su p p ly dist u r b a nc e s ma y re f l e c t s o me n u l l inst ab i l i t y . d i g i t a l su p p ly noi s e s h ou l d b e a v oide d p a r t ic u l arly in t h is cas e (s e e s u p p ly a nd c o m m on c o n s idera t io n s s e c t ion). the r e sis t o r val u e t o us e is a p p r o x ima t e l y : ) v C )/(v ( r null1 null0 null 000 180 5 2 , . u v nu ll0 is t h e un ad u st e d zer o ra t e o u t p u t , and v nu ll1 is t h e t a rget n u l l val u e . i f t h e ini t ial val u e is b e lo w t h e desir e d val u e , t h e re s i stor shou l d t e r m i n a t e on c o m m o n or g r ou n d . i f it i s a b ove t h e desir e d val u e , t h e r e sis t o r sho u ld t e r m ina t e o n t h e 5 v s u p- pl y . v a l u es typ i c a l l y a r e in t h e 1 t o 5 ra n g e . i f a n ext e r n al r e sis t o r is us ed ac r o s s ra te o u t a nd s u , t h en t h e p a ral l e l e uivalen t val u e is subs t i t u t e d in t o t h e ab o v e e ua - ti o n . n o t e th a t th e r e si s t o r v a l u e i s a n e s tim a t e si n c e i t a s s u m e s v cc = 5.0 v a n d v su = 2.5 v . self- t es t f u nc tion the a d x r s150 in cl udes a s e lf-tes t fe a t ur e t h a t ac t u a t es e a ch o f t h e s e n s in g st r u c t ur es a nd as s o cia t e d e l e c t r o n i c s in t h e s a me man n e r a s i f su b e c te d to ang u l a r r a te. i t i s a c t i v a te d b y st a nda rd log i c hig h lev e l s a p p l ie d t o in p u ts s t 1 (5f , 5g), s t 2 (4f , 4g), o r b o t h . st 1 w i l l c a u s e t h e volt age a t r a t e ou t t o ch ange ab out C0.66 v an d s t 2 wil l c a us e an o p p o si t e c h an g e o f 0.66 v . th e s e lf-t est r e s p o n s e fol l o w s t h e vis c osi t y t e m p era t ur e dep e n d e n ce o f t h e p a cka g e a t m o s p h e r e , a p p r o x ima t e l y 0.25 / c . a c t i v a t i ng b o t h st 1 a n d st 2 s i m u lt a n e o u sly i s not d a m a g i ng . si nc e st 1 a n d st 2 are not ne c e ss ar i l y cl o s ely m a tc he d, a c tu a t - ing b o t h s i m u l t ane o u sly m a y re su l t in an a p p a re n t n u l l bi a s s h i f t . continuo us s e lf- t est the on e-chi p in t e g r a t ion o f th e ad xrs150 g i v e s i t hig h er r e l i - ab i l it y t h an i s o b t a i n abl e w i t h a n y ot h e r h i g h v o lu me m a n u f a c - t u r i n g m e t h o d . a l s o , i t i s m a n u f a c t u r e d u n d e r a m a t u r e b i o s p r o c ess t h a t h a s f i eld-p r o v en r e l i ab i l i t y . a s a n a ddi t i ona l fa i l ur e dete c t ion m e asur e, p o w e r - o n s e lf-test can b e p e r f o r m e d . h o w - e v e r , s o m e ap p l i c at i o n s m a y w a r r a n t c o nt i n u o u s s e l f - t e s t w h i l e
adxrs150 rev. a | page 10 of 12 s e n s in g ra t e . a pplica t ion n o t e s o u t l inin g con t i n uo us s e lf-t est t e chniq u es a r e a l s o a v a i lab l e o n t h e analog d e v i ces w e bsi t e . acceleration sensitivity t h e si gn co n v en ti o n use d i s tha t la t e ral acce le ra ti o n i s posi ti v e in t h e d i r e c t io n f r o m pin c o l u mn a to pin c o l u mn g o f t h e p a cka g e . tha t is , a de vice h a s p o si t i v e s e n s i t iv i t y if i t s v o l t a g e o u t p ut i n cr e a s e s w h en t h e r o w o f p i n s 2a ?6a a r e t i p p e d u n de r th e r o w o f p i n s 2g? 6 g in th e e a r t h ? s gra v i t y . ther e a r e tw o e f fe c t s o f co n c er n, s h if ts in t h e st a t ic n u l l an d ind u ce d n u l l n o is e . s c a l e fac t o r is n o t sig n if ican t l y a f fe c t e d un t i l th e a c ce le ra ti o n r e a c h e s s e v e ral h u n d r ed m / s 2 . v i b r a t io n r e c t if ica t ion fo r f r e q uen c ies u p t o 20 khz is o n t h e o r der o f 0.0000 2(/s)/(m/s 2 ) 2 , is n o t sig n if ican t l y dep e nden t o n f r eq uen c y , a nd has b e en v e r i f i e d u p t o 400 m/s 2 rm s . l i ne ar v i b r a t i o n sp e c t r a l d e ns i t y ne ar t h e 1 4 k h z s e ns or re s o - na n c e tra n sla t es in t o o u t p u t n o is e . i n o r der t o ha v e a sig n if ican t ef fe c t , t h e v i b r a t io n m u st b e w i t h in t h e an gu la r r a te b a ndwi d t h (typ ical l y 40 h z o f t h e r e s o na n c e), s o i t ta k e s co n s idera b le hig h f r e q ue n c y vib r a t io n t o ha ve a n y ef fe c t . a w a y f r o m t h e 14 khz r e s o nance t h e ef fe c t is no t dis c er nib l e, excep t fo r vi b r a t io n f r e q uen c ies wi t h in t h e a n g u la r ra t e p a ss ba nd . this can be s e en in f i gure 9 t o f i gur e 14 f o r th e va r i o u s s e n s o r axes. the in- b an d ef fe c t ca n b e s e en in f i gur e 24. this is th e r e s u l t o f t h e s t a t i c g- se n s i t i v i t y . th e s p ecim en used f o r f i gur e 24 had a g-s e n s i t ivi t y o f 0.15/s/g an d i t s t o tal in-band n o is e deg r ade d f r o m 3 mv r m s t o 5 mv r m s fo r th e sp e c if ie d vib r a t io n. t h e e f fe c t o f b r o a d b a nd v i b r a t ion u p to 20 khz is sh own i n f i gur e 23 a nd f i gur e 2 5 . the o u t p u t n o is e o f t h e p a r t fal l s a w a y in ac co r d an c e w i t h t h e o u t p ut lo w-p a ss f i l t er a nd do es n o t con t ain an y ? s p i k e s ? g r e a ter t h a n 1% o f t h e l o w f r e q uen c y no is e . a ty pica l no is e sp e c t r um is s h own in f i gur e 26. time ? seconds rat eo ut ? v 2.50 2.52 2.54 2.56 0 24 6 8 10 2.58 2.60 f i g u re 23. ra ndo m vibr at ion (lat er al) 10 k h z to 2 0 k h z at 0. 0 1 g / h z wit h 60 h z s a mp ling an d 0. 5 s ec a v e r ag in g time ? seconds rate o ut ? v 2.50 2.52 2.54 2.56 0 24 6 8 10 2.58 2.60 f i g u re 24. ra ndo m vibr at ion (lat er al) 2 h z t o 40 h z , 3. 2 g rms time ? seconds rate o ut ? v 2.50 2.52 2.54 2.56 0 24 6 8 10 2.58 2.60 static 0.8mv rms shaking 2.4mv rms f i g u re 25. ra ndo m vibr at ion (lat er al) 10 k h z to 2 0 k h z at 0. 0 1 g / h z wit h 60 h z s a mp ling an d 0. 5 s ec a v e r ag in g frequency ? hz rateo ut ? v ?130 ?110 ? 120 ?100 ?90 0 10 100 1000 10000 100000 ?8 0 ?7 0 ?60 f i g u re 26. no is e s p ec t r a l d e ns it y at r a te ou t Cbw = 4h z
adxrs150 rev. a | page 11 of 12 pin conf igurations and f u ncti ona l descriptions agnd temp st2 st 1 pgn d avcc cp1 cp2 cp4 rateout gf e d c b a 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 cp5 cp3 pdd cmid sumj 2.5v f i g u re 27. bg a-3 2 ( b ot to m v i ew) table 3. p i n f u nction descriptions? 32-l ead b g a pin no. mnemonic description 6d, 7d cp5 hv filter capaci tor?47 nf 6a, 7b cp4 6c, 7c cp3 charge pump capacitor?22 nf 5a, 5b cp1 4a, 4b cp2 charge pump capacitor?22 nf 3a, 3b avcc + analog supply 1b, 2a rateout rate signal output 1c, 2c sumj output amp summing junction 1d, 2d cmid hf filter capacit o r?100 nf 1e, 2e 2.5v 2.5 v precision reference 1f, 2g agnd analog supply return 3f, 3g temp temperature voltage output 4f, 4g st2 self-test for sensor 2 5f, 5g st1 self-test for sensor 1 6g, 7f pgnd charge pump supply return 6e, 7e pdd + charge pump supply
adxrs150 rev. a | page 12 of 12 outline dimensions a b c d e f g b o t t o m view 7 a1 65 4 3 top view detail a 3.65 max seating plane detail a ball diameter 7.00 bsc sq 4.80 bsc 0.60 0.55 0.50 3.20 2.50 0.44 0.25 0.15 max coplanarity 0.80 bsc a1 corner index area 21 f i g u re 28. 3 2 -l ead chip s c a l e ba ll gr id a r r a y [cs p bg a ] (bc-32) di me nsio ns sho w n i n mi ll im e t e r s esd caution esd (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. ele c trosta tic charg e s as high as 4000 v readily accumulate on the human body and test eq uipment and can discharge with out detection. although this product features proprietary esd protection circu i try, permanent dama ge may occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. theref ore, prop er esd precautions a r e recommended to avoid perform a nce degradation or l o ss of functiona l ity. table 4. orde ring guide adxrs150 pro d ucts temperature p a ckage package descri ption package outlin e adxrs150abg C40c to +85c 32-lead bga bc-32 adxrs150abg- r eel C40c to +85c 32-lead bga bc-32 2003 a n alo g devic e s, inc. all rig h ts res e rve d . t r ade m arks a n d re g i s - t e r e d t r ad e m ar ks ar e t h e p r o p e r ty of their respective companies . prin ted in th e u.s . a. c03226-0-1/03(a)

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